http://dspace.ada.edu.az:80/xmlui/handle/20.500.12181/184 2026-04-19T16:12:38Z http://dspace.ada.edu.az:80/xmlui/handle/20.500.12181/1568 Knowledge in Action: Steering the Scientific Council of COP29 Ismayilzade, Fariz The 61st issue of the “World of Diplomacy” journal reflects the outcomes of COP29 and highlights Azerbaijan’s growing engagement in global climate governance. The edition features an article by Dr. Fariz Ismailzade dedicated to the Scientific Council of COP29 and emphasizes ADA University’s green campus model and its academic role. http://dspace.ada.edu.az:80/xmlui/handle/20.500.12181/1486 Diminishing Justice and Third-Party Intervention: Explaining Russia’s ImpartialStance During the 2020 Karabakh War Abushov, Kavus; Babayev, Azar This article examines Russia’s impartiality during the second Karabakh war between Azerbaijan andArmenia in 2020, despite its close military-strategic alliance with the latter. Russia’s behavior representsa twofold deviation: a weakening of its security commitments to Armenia, and a more balanced policy ina frozen conflict in the post-Soviet space. Four factors are examined that could account for explaining thispuzzle, namely increasing bandwagoning of Azerbaijan with Russia, rising opportunity costs of interven-tion due to Turkey’s support to Azerbaijan, Russia’s potential discontent with Armenia after the 2018Velvet Revolution, and the role of a justice motive in Russian policy toward the conflict. http://dspace.ada.edu.az:80/xmlui/handle/20.500.12181/1485 The partisan politics of foreign policy: explainingTurkey’s ‘nationalist turn’ and its involvement in the 2020 Karabakh war Babayev, Azar; Jumayeva, Lala This article addresses the party politics of foreign policy through a theoretically informed analysis of the political survival imperative in a domestic context. Building on recent research on party ideologies and political survival/power-seeking, it offers a fresh perspective on the influence of partisan politics on foreign policy. Drawing on qualitative data, including expert interviews, the article uses the case of Turkey as a hybrid, and thus unstable, regime to examine the partisan aspects of foreign policy with a focus on two basic links between party politics and foreign policy behaviour: party ideologies and party leadership. Specifically, the article argues that the ruling AKP’s need for domestic survival led to increasingly nationalist, populist behaviour and the formation of an alliance with the main nationalist party MHP, which in turn led to the dominance of a nationalist discourse in Turkish foreign policy, contributing to coercive or risky international moves. This is best exemplified by the AKP government’s strong support for Azerbaijan in the 2020 Karabakh war. http://dspace.ada.edu.az:80/xmlui/handle/20.500.12181/1484 Azərbaycan Respublikasında Ali Məktəb Məzunlarının Məşğulluq Məsələləri Əliyeva, Gülsabah Qloballaşma proseslərinin sürətlənməsi Azərbaycan Respublikasını da dünya əmək bölgüsünə daxil etdi. Azərbaycanın dünya iqtisadiyyatına inteqrasiyası neft emalı sahəsinə yatırım dalğasına səbəb oldu və bu sahədə yeni iş yerləri yaradıldı. Buna baxmayaraq, Azərbaycanın əmək bazarında tələb və təklif arasında böyük fərq özünü göstərir. Ali məktəb məzunlarının hazırlığının əmək bazarının tələbləri ilə uyğunsuzluğu ali təhsil sisteminin peşəkar standartlar sisteminə keçidi və ixtisas çərçivələrinin müəyyən edilməsi zərurətini yaradır. Gənc mütəxəssislərin işlə təminatı məsələsinə bir tərəfdən təhsil sisteminin səciyyəvi cəhətləri, digər tərəfdən isə əmək bazarında yaranan dəyişkən tendensiyalar təsir göstərir. Məzunların əmək bazarına çıxışı ilə bağlı problemlərin həlli məqsədilə əmək meyillərinin müəyyən edilməsinə, tələbələrin peşəkar motivasiyası və əmək davranışına həsr olunmuş monitorinq tədqiqatlarının aparılmasına ehtiyac var. Hazırda, peşə təhsili sisteminin əmək bazarının tələbləri əsasında təkmilləşdirilməsi Azərbaycanın dövlət siyasətinin prioritet məsələlərindən biridir. Səriştələr əsasında hazırlanmış peşə standartlarının tətbiqi milli işçi qüvvəsinin rəqabət qabiliyyətliliyinin artırılması və onun beynəlxalq əmək bazarına inteqrasiyası üçün əsas alətdir. http://dspace.ada.edu.az:80/xmlui/handle/20.500.12181/1476 Crafting the competitiveness agenda of the Irish state: thenational competitiveness and productivity council Saqer, Ali Across Europe, improving living standards and quality of life hasbecome unimaginable without improving competitiveness. Thisfaith in the power of competitiveness is conspicuously strong inthe Irish political discourse. Ireland’s National Competitivenessand Productivity Council is a key site for coordinating thecompetitiveness agenda of the Irish state. It utilizes internationalbenchmarks to construct competitiveness-enhancing policyrecommendations for the Irish government, informing itscompetitiveness strategies. Through a process-tracing analysis,this article examines how the Council-made Irish competitivenessnarrative and recommendations feed into national policy andpolitics. By tracing the journey of the Council’s recommendationsinto the employment, infrastructure and legal services policyareas in Ireland, I show that while the political ambitions ofdomestic actors are anchored in this narrative, the translation ofthe Council’s recommendations into direct policy influence isconditioned by their degree of congruence with the governmentpolitical priorities and the competing interests within the Irishpolitical economy. I underscore how Irish policymakers governwith international benchmarks rather than strictly through them. http://dspace.ada.edu.az:80/xmlui/handle/20.500.12181/1474 Testing the twin deficit hypothesis for resource-rich economies in the era ofclimate change Gurbanov, Sarvar; Nadirov, Orkhan; Gasimova, Samira; Mukhtarov, Elmir; Dehning, Brucue Burning fossil fuels emits greenhouse gases, the primary culprit of human-induced global warmingand climate change. It is appropriate to revisit the twin deficit hypothesis with an extended data setand increasing evidence on the gravity of climate change. This study tests the twin deficithypothesis for 18 resource-rich countries by employing annual data from 1991 to 2020.Employing panel unit-root tests, specifically, using an extension of the Granger causality test forheterogeneous panels, the findings of this study show that causality runs from the current accountbalance to the fiscal balance for 18 resource-rich countries. However, the sequential panel selectionapproach (SPSM) indicates that the stationarity of the current account balance (or budget balance)in a select few countries, including Equatorial Guinea, Kuwait, Iran, and the United Arab Emirates, isthe only reason why the unit root null was rejected. We have discovered a bidirectional link forthese four resource-rich nations, partially confirming our main hypothesis. This prompts us to testeach of the four countries separately, and only the United Arab Emirates concurs with our primaryclaim. This unidirectional causality from the current account deficit to the budget deficit has policyimplications for the United Arab Emirates. http://dspace.ada.edu.az:80/xmlui/handle/20.500.12181/238 Baku : Creating a Persian gulf paradise on the Caspian sea Valiyev, Anar Since the disintegration of the Soviet Union, Baku has undergone a tremendous transformation. In this context, demographic trends for the last decade have been quite favorable toward the development of Baku, with a constant increase in population due to the high net-in migration from the rural areas of Azerbaijan. Consequently, it is not surprising that Baku exerts a disproportionately significant influence on the national economy. The city continues to be the leading recipient of investment, most of which is funneled into the construction industry. The post-Soviet transition toward a market economy has enabled Baku to make tremendous progress in urban development and to become one of the fastest growing cities in the region. This chapter looks at the development pattern of Baku, and its attempts to emulate Gulf cities. It will try to answer the question of whether Baku will be able to copy the pattern of the “Pearl of UAE” successfully, or if it will fail because of indigenous and exogenous factors. http://dspace.ada.edu.az:80/xmlui/handle/20.500.12181/237 Iranian soft power in Azerbaijan : Does religion matter? Valiyev, Anar Very little research has been undertaken to study the role of soft power in international relations. As one of the fathers of this concept, Nye states that soft power refers to the capability of an entity, usually but not necessarily a state, to influence what others do through direct or indirect international influence and encouragement. The proclamation of Shi'a Islam as the official religion on the territory of the Safavid Empire in the early sixteenth century brought both Iran and Azerbaijan under one umbrella of religious affiliation. That mere fact would shape the future of relations between the two countries for centuries. The Shi'a heritage of Azerbaijan represents the main source of Iranian soft power. As in Lebanon or Iraq, Iranian foreign policy actively uses this factor. Religious protests very often coincide with some significant political event happening in Azerbaijan or Iran. http://dspace.ada.edu.az:80/xmlui/handle/20.500.12181/234 Victim of a “War of Ideologies” : Azerbaijan after the Russia–Georgia War Valiyev, Anar The August 2008 war between Georgia and Russia affected many of the Commonwealth of Independent States’ domestic politics, including Azerbaijan’s. The war significantly changed Azerbaijanis’ perceptions of the democratic West and negatively impacted their perceptions of the United States and the European Union. Meanwhile, the war forced Azerbaijan to strengthen its security measures, for fear political instability. More important, the crisis was portrayed as a “war of ideologies” between the Moscow backed sovereign democracy and the U.S.-backed unmanaged democracy in Azerbaijan. Georgia’s defeat and the subsequent political turmoil demonstrated the viability and stability of the sovereign democracy and made the Russian model of governance more attractive to the people of Azerbaijan. http://dspace.ada.edu.az:80/xmlui/handle/20.500.12181/233 Urban boosterism in closed contexts : spectacular urbanization and second-tier mega-events in three Caspian capitals Valiyev, Anar; Koch, Natalie This paper presents a case study of urban boosterism in Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, and Turkmenistan – three resource-rich states around the Caspian Sea. Boosterist projects are typically justified through the injunction of, “build it and they will come.” This cliché is a staple of how urban planners and elites seek to justify development schemes that lack an obvious demand. And while the logic underpinning urban boosterism hinges on a high degree of openness and freedom of movement – both for capital and people – it is a tactic increasingly being used in closed and otherwise illiberal states. Understanding the effects of this development is an important task as a growing number of urban planners in nondemocratic but resource-rich countries seek to develop spectacular new urban landscapes and position their cities as “world class” hubs for international mega-events – even if these are smaller, second-tier events. Exploring event-oriented urban development in Astana, Ashgabat, and Baku, we show how boosterist narratives are being re-deployed in closed contexts to promote the image of a benevolent and “magical state,” as well as solidifying authoritarian political configurations and a selective engagement with market capitalism.